NC West Virginia News

West Virginia University researchers are exploring the use of nanotechnology to address antibiotic-resistant infections in open bone fractures. This initiative aims to enhance traditional treatments for these types of injuries.

Annually, over 150,000 individuals in the United States experience open bone fractures, with about 10% developing infections that can result in serious complications such as reduced limb function or even death. Bingyun Li, a professor at the WVU School of Medicine Department of Orthopaedics, highlighted the complexity added by antibiotic resistance, stating, “We definitely need to reduce these types of infections because the consequences are serious.”

Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria evolve to resist medications designed to eliminate them. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention identifies this as a significant public health threat. A Lancet article cited by Li reported over one million deaths worldwide from bacterial antibiotic-resistant infections in 2021, with projections suggesting this number could double by 2050.

Li's research focuses on creating a hybrid antimicrobial material using silver and carbon nanotubes at the nanoscale level to combat resistant infections in open fractures. His study is backed by a $1.9 million grant from several National Institutes of Health agencies.

Silver has historically been used for its antibacterial properties, while carbon nanotubes serve roles in drug delivery and internal monitoring due to their antimicrobial characteristics. According to Li, “Nanotechnology lets us use particles that are very tiny, so they can go places that larger particles cannot.” However, he acknowledged challenges related to potential toxicity and emphasized the importance of finding a safe formulation.

The team plans to test their hybrid material on human cells and rats to evaluate its effectiveness against bacteria while ensuring low toxicity levels. Additionally, they will bioengineer these composites as coatings on orthopedic implants to examine their antimicrobial capabilities.

Collaborating with Li are Dr. Matthew Dietz and Dr. Ming Pei from the School of Medicine Department of Orthopaedics; Dr. Ryan Demkowicz from the Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Laboratory Medicine; Dale Porter from Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology; and representatives from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. They will involve undergraduate, graduate, and medical students in their research efforts.